Syria’s Christians face rising threats amid sectarian tensions and rising Islamist incidents

MAHARDA, Syria — Following the overthrow of the Syrian regime and the ouster of Bashar al-Assad, the Christian communities of Syria are facing heightened sectarian hostility and violence under the Syrian Transitional Government (STG). Recent incidents in the Hemto (Hama) Governorate have amplified fears for the safety and future of religious minorities in the region. 

On the night of 18 May, residents of Maharda, a predominantly Christian town northwest of Hemto, witnessed a provocative display by pro-STG internal security forces. Videos circulated showing a convoy of armed individuals parading through the town in a military-style procession, chanting slogans such as “Our eternal leader is Prophet Mohammed.” Many locals interpreted the display as a deliberate act of intimidation, exacerbating existing tensions.

This incident follows a 16 May attack in Hemto’s Al-Mughayla neighborhood, where a car belonging to a Christian family was set ablaze. Threatening leaflets with messages like “Death to pork eaters” and “Await new releases” were scattered at the scene, signaling a targeted campaign against Christians. Local authorities have yet to apprehend the perpetrators, leaving the community in a state of heightened anxiety. 

The rise in sectarian incidents coincides with the increasing influence of pro-STG Sunni militias. While STG President Ahmed al-Sharaa has publicly pledged to protect minority rights, skepticism persists among Christians as incidents continue. Father Rami Elias, a Syrian Orthodox priest, described the group’s intentions as “ambiguous,” and many fear the imposition of hardline Islamic governance. 

Acts of desecration further underscore these concerns. In December 2024, a church in Hemto was attacked, its property damaged, and graves desecrated. Similar incidents have occurred in Maharda, where Christian cemetery grounds were vandalized. These acts are widely attributed to extremist factions operating with impunity. 

The international community has expressed alarm at the deteriorating situation. Amnesty International condemned the attacks, warning they risk inflaming sectarian tensions and escalating violence. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has called for an inclusive government that respects minority rights and prevents Syria from becoming a hub for extremist groups. 

Despite these challenges, Syria’s Christians are asserting their presence. In December, hundreds demonstrated in Christian areas of Damascus to protest the burning of a Christmas tree in Suqaylabiyah. Carrying crosses and demanding recognition and protection, they emphasized their resilience and determination to remain in their homeland. 

As Syria navigates a complex transition, the plight of Christian Syrians highlights the broader challenge of fostering sectarian reconciliation and establishing a genuinely inclusive society.